{"id":2241,"date":"2016-07-06T03:51:45","date_gmt":"2016-07-06T11:51:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/?p=2241"},"modified":"2021-01-26T09:13:12","modified_gmt":"2021-01-26T17:13:12","slug":"understanding-the-role-of-certificate-authorities-in-pki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/understanding-the-role-of-certificate-authorities-in-pki\/","title":{"rendered":"PKI: The Role of Certificate Authorities in PKI Certificate"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>PKI is a complex infrastructure for managing digital certificates and it would all fall apart without trusted certificate authorities.<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">You may have heard the acronym \u201cPKI,\u201d but chances are you\u2019re not especially sure what it means. You\u2019re not alone. PKI stands for &#8216;Public Key Infrastructure.&#8217; While many the concept of a Public Key Infrastructure is commonly discussed in the IT world, it\u2019s not always well understood.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Understanding public key infrastructure (PKI) \/ PKI Certificate<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As the name suggests a Public Key Infrastructure is an infrastructure that uses digital certificates as an authentication mechanism and is designed to manage those certificates and their associated keys.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Public Key Encryption<\/strong> is also known as <strong>asymmetric encryption<\/strong>, and it\u2019s very popular because it is more secure than secret key encryption (also known as symmetric) encryption. In Public Key Encryption, two related keys, one public and one private, work together to with one used for encryption and the other used for decrypting. In this model, the public key \u2013 as the name would suggest \u2013 is publicly available to anyone who wants to begin encrypted communication with the holder of the private key. The private key is never shared.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The problem that <strong>PKI<\/strong> solves stems from the difficulty of verifying that a public key is actually owned by the person or entity that claims it. Hence the use of digital certificates and PKI. In this scenario, a trusted <strong>third-party certificate authority<\/strong> validates the identity of the person or organization it is issuing the key pair too. From there, via the use of the accompanying digital certificate that is issued, anyone can verify the identity of the key-holder.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A <strong>digital certificate \/ PKI Certificate<\/strong> contains information about the key-holder, the public key, an expiration date and the signature of the Certificate Authority that issued it. Unfortunately, managing <strong>digital CA certificates<\/strong> can be a challenge, so Public Key Infrastructure was created to help provide a framework for issuance, renewal, and revocation of these digital certificates.<\/p>\n<h2>Components of PKI Certificate<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Public Key Infrastructures<\/strong> are not universal &#8211; it\u2019s not as if there\u2019s a single PKI that governs all digital certificates. Rather, a PKI can be built for a single organization and implemented only on that organization\u2019s network or it can be a much larger commercial PKI that governs certificates issued to internet users.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Regardless, all PKIs feature the following four components:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A <strong>Certification Authority to issue certificates<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; A trusted CA is the only entity that can issue trusted digital certificates. This is extremely important because while PKI manages more of the encryption side of these certificates, authentication is vital to understanding which entities own what keys. Without a trusted CA, anyone can issue their own keys, authentication goes out the window and chaos ensues.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Policies that govern the PKI<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; Bear in mind that PKI is largely about governance and management of digital CA certificates. In order to achieve both, a set of rules or guidelines must be in place to ensure things go smoothly. For smaller PKIs, these guidelines or often determined in-house by an IT admin or someone knowledgeable. For larger commercial PKIs, they\u2019re determined by a collective of browsers and certificate authorities called the CA\/B Forum.<\/li>\n<li>T<strong>he Digital Certificates themselves<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; It\u2019s kind of tough manage a group of digital certificates that don\u2019t exist. In order for a PKI to work and exist properly, it needs to have digital certificates, otherwise\u2014what\u2019s the point?<\/li>\n<li><strong>Apps that are written to use the PKI<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; This last one may seem abstract, it\u2019s really not. This just means any application that is PKI aware and uses the PKI to facilitate an encrypted connection. Take some of the larger commercial PKIs, this would mean web browser, email clients, etc\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2244\" src=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/pki-components.jpg\" alt=\"PKI Components\" width=\"468\" height=\"351\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>What are Certificate Authorities? Why are Certificate Authorities a Vital Part of PKI Certificate?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As we\u2019ve already established, a PKI is a complex system for governing and managing digital certificates. It helps to facilitate encryption while also verifying the owners of the public keys themselves.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This last portion is why the <strong>Certificate Authorities<\/strong> are so important. If you remove the CAs from PKI you essentially have a large, unverified group of digital CA certificates, many of which are likely viable but some of which could also be used maliciously given that there\u2019s no way to verify ownership of them. For a layman, this means that someone could essentially misrepresent ownership of a given key and then steal encrypted data\u2014or manipulate it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">We can\u2019t have that. So, as a result, the Certificate Authorities are in place to help with authentication. Authentication simply means you\u2019re proving ownership over a given certificate, and by extension that certificate\u2019s key. The CAs are trusted for a reason, they have invested heavily in their own infrastructure and have robust operations in place that are capable of verifying identities and issuing digital certificates properly. They follow guidelines handed down by the browser community and maintain best practices aimed at ensuring optimal web security.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Basically, they\u2019re trusted for a reason. And because of that trust, we can also trust the certificates they issue, which makes management of those certificates via PKI that much easier.<\/p>\n<h2>How Does a Certificate Authority Work? The role of CA<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Well in order to be a trusted <strong>Certificate Authority<\/strong> you must first have made a multi-million dollar annual investment in the infrastructure that it takes to be an active CA. So there\u2019s already an upfront cost just for doing business. Beyond that, you have to follow guidelines set for by the CA\/B forum that govern issuance and authentication practices.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Then you have to start actually issuing certificates. We won\u2019t drill all the way down into roots and intermediates, etc. We\u2019ll just touch on the process of actually authenticating and issuing a digital ca certificate. After the certificate is ordered, depending on the level of validation required, the CA goes to work verifying the identity of the applicant.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If it\u2019s simply a <a href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/sslproducts\/domainvalidatedssl.html\"><strong>Domain Validation or DV SSL certificate<\/strong><\/a>, the CA just checks ownership over the domain and then, once this is satisfied, issues the certificate. For Organization Validation and <a href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/sslproducts\/extendedvalidation.html\"><strong>EV SSL<\/strong><\/a>, also known as business validation, the Certificate Authority will use business registration and credit reports to vet the organization applying. This can take between 3-5 days and is typically a fairly extensive process. Once it is complete, the certificate can then be issued and will contain critical details about the business itself.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">All of this is essential, especially for a PKI, as it allows the true owner of the keys being managed to be verified and makes the entire endeavor safer and more reliable.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2243 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/certificate-authority.gif\" alt=\"Certificate Authority in PKI\" width=\"397\" height=\"218\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Related Posts<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/faq-ssl-certificates-and-e-commerce-transactions-security\/\">FAQs on SSL Certificate Authority and Certificate Authentication<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/http-vs-https-do-you-really-need-https\/\">HTTP vs HTTPS &#8211; Importance of SSL Certificate<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/iot-security-understanding-pki-role-in-securing-internet-of-things\/\">IoT Security: Understanding PKI\u2019s Role in Securing Internet of Things<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/client-certificate-vs-server-certificate-simplifying-the-difference\/\">Client Certificate vs Server Certificate: Simplifying the Difference<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/understanding-comodo-root-signing-certificate-and-comodo-intermediate-certificate\/\">Understanding Comodo Root Signing Certificate and Comodo Intermediate Certificate<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"graysection\">\n<h2>Secure a Website with Trusted SSL Certificates<\/h2>\n<p>We offer a wide-range of SSL certificates and it includes all types of SSL certificates such as Wildcard SSL, DV SSL, OV, EV, Multi-Domain SSL Certificates, and Code Signing Certificates.<br \/>\n<a class=\"comparebtn\" href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/\">Buy SSL Certificates at Only $5.45<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PKI is a complex infrastructure for managing digital certificates and it would all fall apart without trusted certificate authorities. You may have heard the acronym \u201cPKI,\u201d but chances are you\u2019re not especially sure what it means. You\u2019re not alone. PKI stands for &#8216;Public Key Infrastructure.&#8217; While many the concept of a Public Key Infrastructure is<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":2244,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-ssl-pki"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>PKI: The Role of Certificate Authorities in PKI Certificate<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Understand in details on What is PKI or PKI Certificate, why the Role of Certificate Authority is important in Public Key Infrastructure and How CA works in PKI.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/understanding-the-role-of-certificate-authorities-in-pki\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PKI: The Role of Certificate Authorities in PKI Certificate\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Understand in details on What is PKI or PKI Certificate, why the Role of Certificate Authority is important in Public Key Infrastructure and How CA works in PKI.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/understanding-the-role-of-certificate-authorities-in-pki\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Savvy Security\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cheapsslsecurities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-07-06T11:51:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-01-26T17:13:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cheapsslsecurity.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/PKI-Components.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"638\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"479\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Savvy Security\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@sslsecurity\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@sslsecurity\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Savvy Security\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cheapsslsecurity.com\\\/blog\\\/understanding-the-role-of-certificate-authorities-in-pki\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cheapsslsecurity.com\\\/blog\\\/understanding-the-role-of-certificate-authorities-in-pki\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Savvy Security\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cheapsslsecurity.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/1ce9a5743b7f25b5be6e4972864b4493\"},\"headline\":\"PKI: The Role of Certificate Authorities in PKI Certificate\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-07-06T11:51:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-01-26T17:13:12+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cheapsslsecurity.com\\\/blog\\\/understanding-the-role-of-certificate-authorities-in-pki\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1219,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cheapsslsecurity.com\\\/blog\\\/understanding-the-role-of-certificate-authorities-in-pki\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cheapsslsecurity.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/07\\\/PKI-Components.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"SSL &amp; 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